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.. _modwsgi_tutorial:
Running a :app:`Pyramid` Application under ``mod_wsgi``
==========================================================
:term:`mod_wsgi` is an Apache module developed by Graham Dumpleton.
It allows :term:`WSGI` programs to be served using the Apache web
server.
This guide will outline broad steps that can be used to get a
:app:`Pyramid` application running under Apache via ``mod_wsgi``.
This particular tutorial was developed under Apple's Mac OS X platform
(Snow Leopard, on a 32-bit Mac), but the instructions should be
largely the same for all systems, delta specific path information for
commands and files.
.. note:: Unfortunately these instructions almost certainly won't work for
deploying a :app:`Pyramid` application on a Windows system using
``mod_wsgi``. If you have experience with :app:`Pyramid` and ``mod_wsgi``
on Windows systems, please help us document this experience by submitting
documentation to the `Pylons-devel maillist
<http://groups.google.com/group/pylons-devel>`_.
#. The tutorial assumes you have Apache already installed on your
system. If you do not, install Apache 2.X for your platform in
whatever manner makes sense.
#. Once you have Apache installed, install ``mod_wsgi``. Use the
(excellent) `installation instructions
<http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/InstallationInstructions>`_
for your platform into your system's Apache installation.
#. Install :term:`virtualenv` into the Python which mod_wsgi will
run using the ``easy_install`` program.
.. code-block:: text
$ sudo /usr/bin/easy_install-2.6 virtualenv
This command may need to be performed as the root user.
#. Create a :term:`virtualenv` which we'll use to install our
application.
.. code-block:: text
$ cd ~
$ mkdir modwsgi
$ cd modwsgi
$ /usr/local/bin/virtualenv --no-site-packages env
#. Install :app:`Pyramid` into the newly created virtualenv:
.. code-block:: text
$ cd ~/modwsgi/env
$ bin/easy_install pyramid
#. Create and install your :app:`Pyramid` application. For the purposes of
this tutorial, we'll just be using the ``pyramid_starter`` application as
a baseline application. Substitute your existing :app:`Pyramid`
application as necessary if you already have one.
.. code-block:: text
$ cd ~/modwsgi/env
$ bin/paster create -t pyramid_starter myapp
$ cd myapp
$ ../bin/python setup.py install
#. Within the virtualenv directory (``~/modwsgi/env``), create a
script named ``pyramid.wsgi``. Give it these contents:
.. code-block:: python
from pyramid.paster import get_app
application = get_app(
'/Users/chrism/modwsgi/env/myapp/production.ini', 'main')
The first argument to ``get_app`` is the project Paste configuration file
name. It's best to use the ``production.ini`` file provided by your
scaffold, as it contains settings appropriate for
production. The second is the name of the section within the .ini file
that should be loaded by ``mod_wsgi``. The assignment to the name
``application`` is important: mod_wsgi requires finding such an
assignment when it opens the file.
#. Make the ``pyramid.wsgi`` script executable.
.. code-block:: text
$ cd ~/modwsgi/env
$ chmod 755 pyramid.wsgi
#. Edit your Apache configuration and add some stuff. I happened to
create a file named ``/etc/apache2/other/modwsgi.conf`` on my own
system while installing Apache, so this stuff went in there.
.. code-block:: apache
# Use only 1 Python sub-interpreter. Multiple sub-interpreters
# play badly with C extensions.
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
WSGIPassAuthorization On
WSGIDaemonProcess pyramid user=chrism group=staff processes=1 \
threads=4 \
python-path=/Users/chrism/modwsgi/env/lib/python2.6/site-packages
WSGIScriptAlias /myapp /Users/chrism/modwsgi/env/pyramid.wsgi
<Directory /Users/chrism/modwsgi/env>
WSGIProcessGroup pyramid
Order allow, deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
#. Restart Apache
.. code-block:: text
$ sudo /usr/sbin/apachectl restart
#. Visit ``http://localhost/myapp`` in a browser. You should see the
sample application rendered in your browser.
:term:`mod_wsgi` has many knobs and a great variety of deployment
modes. This is just one representation of how you might use it to
serve up a :app:`Pyramid` application. See the `mod_wsgi
configuration documentation
<http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/ConfigurationGuidelines>`_ for
more in-depth configuration information.
|
