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used to wrap the found view callable before it is called by Pyramid's
router. This is a feature usually only used by framework extensions, to
provide, for example, view timing support.
A view wrapper factory must be a callable which accepts three arguments:
``view_callable``, ``request``, and ``exc``. It must return a view
callable. The view callable returned by the factory must implement the
``context, request`` view callable calling convention. For example::
import time
def wrapper_factory(view_callable, request, exc):
def wrapper(context, request):
start = time.time()
result = view_callable(context, request)
end = time.time()
request.view_timing = end - start
return result
return wrapper
The ``view_callable`` argument to the factory will be the view callable
found by Pyramid via view lookup. The ``request`` argument to the factory
will be the current request. The ``exc`` argument to the factory will be
an Exception object if the found view is an exception view; it will be
``None`` otherwise.
View wrappers only last for the duration of a single request. You can add
such a factory for every request by using the
``pyramid.events.NewRequest`` subscriber::
from pyramid.events import subscriber, NewRequest
@subscriber(NewRequest)
def newrequest(event):
event.request.add_view_wrapper(wrapper_factory)
If more than one view wrapper is registered during a single request,
a 'later' view wrapper factory will be called with the result of its
directly former view wrapper factory as its ``view_callable``
argument; this chain will be returned to Pyramid as a single view
callable.
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``rendering_val``. This can be used to introspect the value returned by a
view in a BeforeRender subscriber.
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use ``/projects/pyramid/current`` rather than ``/projects/pyramid/dev``.
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renderer is an object that can be used in advanced integration cases as
input to the view configuration ``renderer=`` argument. When the null
renderer is used as a view renderer argument, Pyramid avoids converting the
view callable result into a Response object. This is useful if you want to
reuse the view configuration and lookup machinery outside the context of
its use by the Pyramid router. This feature was added for consumption by
the ``pyramid_rpc`` package, which uses view configuration and lookup
outside the context of a router in exactly this way. ``pyramid_rpc`` has
been broken under 1.1 since 1.1b1; adding it allows us to make it work
again.
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``pyramid.renderers.renderer_from_name`` which has seen use in the wild.
- Add a ``clone`` method to ``pyramid.renderers.RendererHelper`` for use by
the ``pyramid.view.view_config`` decorator.
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compatibility with Python 2.4.
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- Added more indexing markers to sections in documentation.
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``pyramid.httpexceptions.WSGIHTTPException._set_default_attrs``;
stringifying thse may trigger code that should not be executed; see
https://github.com/Pylons/pyramid/issues/239
Closes #239
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chapter.
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- change prepare return value to a dict, and return the registry,
request, etc
- various docs and changelog entries.
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``pyramid.i18n.Localizer.pluralize`` run using that domain/locale
combination raised an inscrutable "translations object has no attr 'plural'
error. Now, instead it "works" (it uses a germanic pluralization by
default). This is not the "right" thing really (it's nonsensical to try to
pluralize something without translations for that locale/domain available),
but it matches the behavior of ``pyramid.i18n.Localizer.translate`` so it's
at least consistent; see https://github.com/Pylons/pyramid/issues/235.
Closes #235.
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deprecated ``pyramid.view.static`` class. ``pyramid.satic.static_view`` by
default serves up documents as the result of the request's ``path_info``,
attribute rather than it's ``subpath`` attribute (the inverse was true of
``pyramid.view.static``, and still is). ``pyramid.static.static_view``
exposes a ``use_subpath`` flag for use when you don't want the static view
to behave like the older deprecated version.
- The ``pyramid.view.static`` class has been deprecated in favor of the newer
``pyramid.static.static_view`` class. A deprecation warning is raised when
it is used. You should replace it with a reference to
``pyramid.static.static_view`` with the ``use_subpath=True`` argument.
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rendererinfo to clear out old registry on a rescan. See
https://github.com/Pylons/pyramid/pull/234.
Closes #234.
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been looked up correctly when using Pyramid with ``zope.interface`` 3.6.4
and better.
Closes #232.
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exception view will be working with a request.response that has not been
touched by any code prior to the exception.
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configuration file value ``prevent_http_cache``. These are synomymous and
allow you to prevent HTTP cache headers from being set by Pyramid's
``http_cache`` machinery globally in a process. see the "Influencing HTTP
Caching" section of the "View Configuration" narrative chapter and the
detailed documentation for this setting in the "Environment Variables and
Configuration Settings" narrative chapter.
- New documentation section in View Configuration narrative chapter:
"Influencing HTTP Caching".
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inappropriately used ``DBSession.rollback()`` instead of
``transaction.abort()`` in one place.
- Wiki2 (SQLAlchemy + URL Dispatch) tutorial ``models.initialize_sql`` didn't
match the ``pyramid_routesalchemy`` scaffold function of the same name; it
didn't get synchronized when it was changed in the scaffold.
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route to be added without an intermediate ``config.commit()``. If you now
receive a ``ConfigurationError`` at startup time that appears to be
``add_route`` related, you'll need to either a) ensure that all of your
route names are unique or b) call ``config.commit()`` before adding a
second route with the name of a previously added name or c) use a
Configurator that works in ``autocommit`` mode.
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``__setitem__`` or ``update`` methods of the event object with a key that
already existed in the renderer globals dictionary, a ``KeyError`` was
raised. With the deprecation of the "add_renderer_globals" feature of the
configurator, there was no way to override an existing value in the
renderer globals dictionary that already existed. Now, the event object
will overwrite an older value that is already in the globals dictionary
when its ``__setitem__`` or ``update`` is called (as well as the new
``setdefault`` method), just like a plain old dictionary. As a result, for
maximum interoperability with other third-party subscribers, if you write
an event subscriber meant to be used as a BeforeRender subscriber, your
subscriber code will now need to (using ``.get`` or ``__contains__`` of the
event object) ensure no value already exists in the renderer globals
dictionary before setting an overriding value.
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import and unwrap string
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represents a set of keyword arguments to pass to the Venusian ``Scanner``
object created by Pyramid. (See the Venusian documentation for more
information about ``Scanner``).
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``application/json``, this attribute will contain the JSON-decoded
variant of the request body. If the request's ``content_type`` is not
``application/json``, this attribute will be ``None``.
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parameter.
When you supply an ``http_cache`` value to a view configuration, the
``Expires`` and ``Cache-Control`` headers of a response generated by the
associated view callable are modified. The value for ``http_cache`` may be
one of the following:
- A nonzero integer. If it's a nonzero integer, it's treated as a number
of seconds. This number of seconds will be used to compute the
``Expires`` header and the ``Cache-Control: max-age`` parameter of
responses to requests which call this view. For example:
``http_cache=3600`` instructs the requesting browser to 'cache this
response for an hour, please'.
- A ``datetime.timedelta`` instance. If it's a ``datetime.timedelta``
instance, it will be converted into a number of seconds, and that number
of seconds will be used to compute the ``Expires`` header and the
``Cache-Control: max-age`` parameter of responses to requests which call
this view. For example: ``http_cache=datetime.timedelta(days=1)``
instructs the requesting browser to 'cache this response for a day,
please'.
- Zero (``0``). If the value is zero, the ``Cache-Control`` and
``Expires`` headers present in all responses from this view will be
composed such that client browser cache (and any intermediate caches) are
instructed to never cache the response.
- A two-tuple. If it's a two tuple (e.g. ``http_cache=(1,
{'public':True})``), the first value in the tuple may be a nonzero
integer or a ``datetime.timedelta`` instance; in either case this value
will be used as the number of seconds to cache the response. The second
value in the tuple must be a dictionary. The values present in the
dictionary will be used as input to the ``Cache-Control`` response
header. For example: ``http_cache=(3600, {'public':True})`` means 'cache
for an hour, and add ``public`` to the Cache-Control header of the
response'. All keys and values supported by the
``webob.cachecontrol.CacheControl`` interface may be added to the
dictionary. Supplying ``{'public':True}`` is equivalent to calling
``response.cache_control.public = True``.
Providing a non-tuple value as ``http_cache`` is equivalent to calling
``response.cache_expires(value)`` within your view's body.
Providing a two-tuple value as ``http_cache`` is equivalent to calling
``response.cache_expires(value[0], **value[1])`` within your view's body.
If you wish to avoid influencing, the ``Expires`` header, and instead wish
to only influence ``Cache-Control`` headers, pass a tuple as ``http_cache``
with the first element of ``None``, e.g.: ``(None, {'public':True})``.
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documentation when passed more than one interface object to its
constructor. For example, when the following listener was registered::
@subscriber(IFoo, IBar)
def expects_ifoo_events_and_ibar_events(event):
print event
The Events chapter docs claimed that the listener would be registered and
listening for both ``IFoo`` and ``IBar`` events. Instead, it registered an
"object event" subscriber which would only be called if an IObjectEvent was
emitted where the object interface was ``IFoo`` and the event interface was
``IBar``.
The behavior now matches the documentation. If you were relying on the
buggy behavior of the 1.0 ``subscriber`` directive in order to register an
object event subscriber, you must now pass a sequence to indicate you'd
like to register a subscriber for an object event. e.g.:
@subscriber([IFoo, IBar])
def expects_object_event(object, event):
print object, event
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to depend on WebTest, and 2 tests failed as the result of changes to
Pyramid itself. These issues have been fixed.
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and the ``renderer_globals`` Configurator constructor parameter.
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attributes deprecated for ``pyramid.request.Request`` are accessed (like
``response_content_type``). This is for the benefit of folks running unit
tests which use DummyRequest instead of a "real" request, so they know
things are deprecated without necessarily needing a functional test suite.
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preprocessor to be specified as a Python callable or Python dotted name.
See https://github.com/Pylons/pyramid/pull/183 for rationale.
Closes #183.
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(e.g. ``response_content_type``) now issues a deprecation warning at access
time rather than at rendering time.
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