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+.. _qtut_views:
+
+=================================
+07: Basic Web Handling With Views
+=================================
+
+Organize a views module with decorators and multiple views.
+
+
+Background
+==========
+
+For the examples so far, the ``hello_world`` function is a "view". In Pyramid,
+views are the primary way to accept web requests and return responses.
+
+So far our examples place everything in one file:
+
+- The view function
+
+- Its registration with the configurator
+
+- The route to map it to a URL
+
+- The WSGI application launcher
+
+Let's move the views out to their own ``views.py`` module and change our
+startup code to scan that module, looking for decorators that set up the views.
+Let's also add a second view and update our tests.
+
+
+Objectives
+==========
+
+- Move views into a module that is scanned by the configurator.
+
+- Create decorators that do declarative configuration.
+
+
+Steps
+=====
+
+#. Let's begin by using the previous package as a starting point for a new
+   distribution, then making it active:
+
+   .. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ cd ..; cp -r functional_testing views; cd views
+    $ $VENV/bin/pip install -e .
+
+#. Our ``views/tutorial/__init__.py`` gets a lot shorter:
+
+   .. literalinclude:: views/tutorial/__init__.py
+    :linenos:
+
+#. Let's add a module ``views/tutorial/views.py`` that is focused on
+   handling requests and responses:
+
+   .. literalinclude:: views/tutorial/views.py
+    :linenos:
+
+#. Update the tests to cover the two new views:
+
+   .. literalinclude:: views/tutorial/tests.py
+    :linenos:
+
+#. Now run the tests:
+
+   .. code-block:: bash
+
+
+    $ $VENV/bin/py.test tutorial/tests.py -q
+    ....
+    4 passed in 0.28 seconds
+
+#. Run your Pyramid application with:
+
+   .. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ $VENV/bin/pserve development.ini --reload
+
+#. Open http://localhost:6543/ and http://localhost:6543/howdy
+   in your browser.
+
+
+Analysis
+========
+
+We added some more URLs, but we also removed the view code from the application
+startup code in ``tutorial/__init__.py``. Our views, and their view
+registrations (via decorators) are now in a module ``views.py``, which is
+scanned via ``config.scan('.views')``.
+
+We have two views, each leading to the other. If you start at
+http://localhost:6543/, you get a response with a link to the next view. The
+``hello`` view (available at the URL ``/howdy``) has a link back to the first
+view.
+
+This step also shows that the name appearing in the URL, the name of the
+"route" that maps a URL to a view, and the name of the view, can all be
+different. More on routes later.
+
+Earlier we saw ``config.add_view`` as one way to configure a view. This section
+introduces ``@view_config``. Pyramid's configuration supports :term:`imperative
+configuration`, such as the ``config.add_view`` in the previous example. You
+can also use :term:`declarative configuration`, in which a Python
+:term:`python:decorator` is placed on the line above the view. Both approaches
+result in the same final configuration, thus usually, it is simply a matter of
+taste.
+
+
+Extra credit
+============
+
+#. What does the dot in ``.views`` signify?
+
+#. Why might ``assertIn`` be a better choice in testing the text in responses
+   than ``assertEqual``?
+
+.. seealso:: :ref:`views_chapter`,
+   :ref:`view_config_chapter`, and
+   :ref:`debugging_view_configuration`