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+.. _qtut_authentication:
+
+==============================
+20: Logins With Authentication
+==============================
+
+Login views that authenticate a username and password against a list of users.
+
+
+Background
+==========
+
+Most web applications have URLs that allow people to add/edit/delete content
+via a web browser. Time to add :ref:`security <security_chapter>` to the
+application. In this first step we introduce authentication. That is, logging
+in and logging out, using Pyramid's rich facilities for pluggable user storage.
+
+In the next step we will introduce protection of resources with authorization
+security statements.
+
+
+Objectives
+==========
+
+- Introduce the Pyramid concepts of authentication.
+
+- Create login and logout views.
+
+Steps
+=====
+
+#. We are going to use the view classes step as our starting point:
+
+   .. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ cd ..; cp -r view_classes authentication; cd authentication
+    $ $VENV/bin/pip install -e .
+
+#. Put the security hash in the ``authentication/development.ini``
+   configuration file as ``tutorial.secret`` instead of putting it in the code:
+
+   .. literalinclude:: authentication/development.ini
+    :language: ini
+    :linenos:
+
+#. Get authentication (and for now, authorization policies) and login route
+   into the :term:`configurator` in ``authentication/tutorial/__init__.py``:
+
+   .. literalinclude:: authentication/tutorial/__init__.py
+    :linenos:
+
+#. Create an ``authentication/tutorial/security.py`` module that can find our
+   user information by providing an *authentication policy callback*:
+
+   .. literalinclude:: authentication/tutorial/security.py
+    :linenos:
+
+#. Update the views in ``authentication/tutorial/views.py``:
+
+   .. literalinclude:: authentication/tutorial/views.py
+    :linenos:
+
+#. Add a login template at ``authentication/tutorial/login.pt``:
+
+   .. literalinclude:: authentication/tutorial/login.pt
+    :language: html
+    :linenos:
+
+#. Provide a login/logout box in ``authentication/tutorial/home.pt``:
+
+   .. literalinclude:: authentication/tutorial/home.pt
+    :language: html
+    :linenos:
+
+#. Run your Pyramid application with:
+
+   .. code-block:: bash
+
+    $ $VENV/bin/pserve development.ini --reload
+
+#. Open http://localhost:6543/ in a browser.
+
+#. Click the "Log In" link.
+
+#. Submit the login form with the username ``editor`` and the password 
+   ``editor``.
+
+#. Note that the "Log In" link has changed to "Logout".
+
+#. Click the "Logout" link.
+
+Analysis
+========
+
+Unlike many web frameworks, Pyramid includes a built-in but optional security
+model for authentication and authorization. This security system is intended to
+be flexible and support many needs. In this security model, authentication (who
+are you) and authorization (what are you allowed to do) are not just pluggable,
+but de-coupled. To learn one step at a time, we provide a system that
+identifies users and lets them log out.
+
+In this example we chose to use the bundled :ref:`AuthTktAuthenticationPolicy
+<authentication_module>` policy. We enabled it in our configuration and
+provided a ticket-signing secret in our INI file.
+
+Our view class grew a login view. When you reached it via a ``GET`` request, it
+returned a login form. When reached via ``POST``, it processed the submitted
+username and password against the "groupfinder" callable that we registered in
+the configuration.
+
+In our template, we fetched the ``logged_in`` value from the view class. We use
+this to calculate the logged-in user, if any. In the template we can then
+choose to show a login link to anonymous visitors or a logout link to logged-in
+users.
+
+
+Extra credit
+============
+
+#. What is the difference between a user and a principal?
+
+#. Can I use a database behind my ``groupfinder`` to look up principals?
+
+#. Once I am logged in, does any user-centric information get jammed onto each
+   request? Use ``import pdb; pdb.set_trace()`` to answer this.
+
+.. seealso:: See also :ref:`security_chapter`,
+   :ref:`AuthTktAuthenticationPolicy <authentication_module>`.