diff options
| author | Chris McDonough <chrism@agendaless.com> | 2009-07-03 14:06:56 +0000 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Chris McDonough <chrism@agendaless.com> | 2009-07-03 14:06:56 +0000 |
| commit | fd0f6308c840ab5d5712d4b51e47d51bc2809167 (patch) | |
| tree | f1edf4a668a29141294962b7fa7c57d99135addb /docs/narr/events.rst | |
| parent | 2f6bc22af62e4adfd533418b275d9815fb38f230 (diff) | |
| download | pyramid-fd0f6308c840ab5d5712d4b51e47d51bc2809167.tar.gz pyramid-fd0f6308c840ab5d5712d4b51e47d51bc2809167.tar.bz2 pyramid-fd0f6308c840ab5d5712d4b51e47d51bc2809167.zip | |
API docs audit.
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/narr/events.rst')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/narr/events.rst | 122 |
1 files changed, 59 insertions, 63 deletions
diff --git a/docs/narr/events.rst b/docs/narr/events.rst index ca3ecf3d6..544c80744 100644 --- a/docs/narr/events.rst +++ b/docs/narr/events.rst @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ An *event* is an object broadcast by the :mod:`repoze.bfg` framework at particularly interesting points during the lifetime of an application. You don't need to use, know about, or care about events in order to create most :mod:`repoze.bfg` applications, but they can -be useful when you want to do slightly advanced operations, such as -"skinning" a site slightly differently based on, for example, the -hostname used to reach the site. +be useful when you want to perform slightly advanced operations. For +example, subscribing to an event can allow you to "skin" a site +slightly differently based on the hostname used to reach the site. Events in :mod:`repoze.bfg` are always broadcast by the framework. However, they only become useful when you register a *subscriber*. A @@ -43,9 +43,10 @@ lives in a ``subscribers.py`` module within your application: The above example means "every time the :mod:`repoze.bfg` framework emits an event object that supplies an ``INewRequest`` interface, call the ``mysubscriber`` function with the event object. As you can see, -subscriptions are made to *interfaces*. The event object sent to a -subscriber will always have an interface. You can use the interface -itself to determine what attributes of the event are available. +a subscription is made in terms of an :term:`interface`. The event +object sent to a subscriber will always have possess an interface. +The interface itself provides documentation of what attributes of the +event are available. For example, if you create event listener functions in a ``subscribers.py`` file in your application like so: @@ -78,15 +79,16 @@ file: This causes the functions as to be registered as event subscribers within the :term:`application registry` . Under this configuration, -when the application is run, every new request and every response will -be printed to the console. We know that ``INewRequest`` events have a -``request`` attribute, which is a :term:`WebOb` request, because the -interface defined at ``repoze.bfg.interfaces.INewRequest`` says it -must. Likewise, we know that ``INewResponse`` events have a -``response`` attribute, which is a response object constructed by your -application, because the interface defined at -``repoze.bfg.interfaces.INewResponse`` says it must. These particular -interfaces, along with others, are documented in the +when the application is run, each time a new request or response is +detected, a message will be printed to the console. + +We know that ``INewRequest`` events have a ``request`` attribute, +which is a :term:`WebOb` request, because the interface defined at +``repoze.bfg.interfaces.INewRequest`` says it must. Likewise, we know +that ``INewResponse`` events have a ``response`` attribute, which is a +response object constructed by your application, because the interface +defined at ``repoze.bfg.interfaces.INewResponse`` says it must. These +particular interfaces, along with others, are documented in the :ref:`events_module` API chapter. .. note:: @@ -95,11 +97,12 @@ interfaces, along with others, are documented in the components. The ``INewResponse`` event exists purely for symmetry with ``INewRequest``, really. -The *subscriber* ZCML element takes two values: ``for``, which is the -interface the subscriber is registered for (which limits the events -that the subscriber will receive to those specified by the interface), -and ``handler`` which is a Python dotted-name path to the subscriber -function. +The *subscriber* ZCML element takes two attributes: ``for``, and +``handler``. The value of ``for`` is the interface the subscriber is +registered for. Registering a subscriber for a specific interface +limits the event types that the subscriber will receive to those +specified by the interface. The value of ``handler`` is a Python +dotted-name path to the subscriber function. The return value of a subscriber function is ignored. @@ -109,12 +112,12 @@ Using An Event to Vary the Request Type --------------------------------------- The most common usage of the ``INewRequestEvent`` is to attach an -:term:`interface` to the request to be able to differentiate, for -example, a request issued by a browser from a request issued by a JSON -client. This differentiation makes it possible to register different -views against different ``request_type`` interfaces; for instance, -depending on the presence of a request header, you might return JSON -data. +:term:`interface` to a request after introspecting the request data in +some way. For example, you might want to be able to differentiate a +request issued by a browser from a request issued by a JSON client. +This differentiation makes it possible to register different views +against different ``request_type`` interfaces; for instance, depending +on the presence of a request header, you might return JSON data. To do this, you should subscribe an function to the ``INewRequest`` event type, and you should use the ``zope.interface.alsoProvides`` API @@ -137,14 +140,14 @@ object provided by the event. Here's an example. if 'application/json' in accept: alsoProvides(request, IJSONRequest) -Then in your view registration ZCML, if you subscribe -``categorize_request`` for the ``repoze.bfg.interfaces.INewRequest`` -type, you can use the ``request_type`` attribute to point at different -view functions depending upon the interface implemented by the -request. For example, if the above subscriber function was -registered, the three view registrations below could be used to point -at separate view functions using separate request type interfaces for -the same model object. +If you subscribe ``categorize_request`` for the +``repoze.bfg.interfaces.INewRequest`` type, the ``IJSONRequest`` +interface will be attached to each request object that has ``accept`` +headers which match ``application/json``. + +Thereafter, you can use the ``request_type`` attribute of a +term:`view` ZCML statement or a ``@bfg_view`` decorator to refer to +this ``IJSONRequest`` interface. For example: .. code-block:: xml :linenos: @@ -157,7 +160,6 @@ the same model object. <!-- html default view --> <view for=".models.MyModel" - request_type="repoze.bfg.interfaces.IRequest" view=".views.html_view"/> <!-- JSON default view --> @@ -167,30 +169,33 @@ the same model object. view=".views.json_view"/> The interface ``repoze.bfg.interfaces.IRequest`` is automatically -implemented by every :mod:`repoze.bfg` request, so all requests will -implement that type, and views registered against models which do not -supply a ``request_type`` will be considered to be registered for this -``IRequest`` as a default. +implemented by every :mod:`repoze.bfg` request. Views which do not +supply a ``request_type`` attribute will be considered to be +registered for ``repoze.bfg.interfaces.IRequest`` as a default. But +in the example above, ``.views.json_view`` will be called when a +request supplies our ``IJSONRequest`` interface, because it is a more +specific interface. Of course, you are not limited to using the ``Accept`` header to -determine which interfaces to attach to a request. For example, you -might also choose to use hostname -(e.g. ``request.environ.get('HTTP_HOST', +determine which interface to attach to a request within an event +subscriber. For example, you might also choose to introspect the +hostname (e.g. ``request.environ.get('HTTP_HOST', request.environ['SERVER_NAME'])``) in order to "skin" your application differently based on whether the user should see the "management" (e.g. "manage.myapp.com") presentation of the application or the -"retail" presentation (e.g. "www.myapp.com"). By attaching to the -request an arbitrary interface after examining the hostname or any -other information available in the request within an ``INewRequest`` -event subscriber, you can control view lookup precisely. For example, -if you wanted to have two slightly different views for requests to two -different hostnames, you might register one view with a -``request_type`` of ``.interfaces.IHostnameFoo`` and another with a -``request_type`` of ``.interfaces.IHostnameBar`` and then arrange for -an event subscriber to attach ``.interfaces.IHostnameFoo`` to the -request when the HTTP_HOST is ``foo`` and ``.interfaces.IHostnameBar`` -to the request when the HTTP_HOST is ``bar``. The appropriate view -will be called. +"retail" presentation (e.g. "www.myapp.com"). + +By attaching to the request an arbitrary interface after examining the +hostname or any other information available in the request within an +``INewRequest`` event subscriber, you can control view lookup +precisely. For example, if you wanted to have two slightly different +views for requests to two different hostnames, you might register one +view with a ``request_type`` of ``.interfaces.IHostnameFoo`` and +another with a ``request_type`` of ``.interfaces.IHostnameBar`` and +then arrange for an event subscriber to attach +``.interfaces.IHostnameFoo`` to the request when the HTTP_HOST is +``foo`` and ``.interfaces.IHostnameBar`` to the request when the +HTTP_HOST is ``bar``. The appropriate view will be called. You can also form an inheritance hierarchy out of ``request_type`` interfaces. When :mod:`repoze.bfg` looks up a view, the most specific @@ -198,12 +203,3 @@ view for the interface(s) found on the request based on standard Python method resolution order through the interface class hierarchy will be called. -:mod:`repoze.bfg` also makes available as interfaces standard request -type interfaces matching HTTP verbs. When these are specified as a -``request_type`` for a view, the view will be called only when the -request has an HTTP verb (aka HTTP method) matching the request type. -For example, using the string ``repoze.bfg.interfaces.IPOST`` or the -imported interface definition itself matching that Python dotted name -as the request_type argument to a view definition is equivalent to -using the string ``POST``. See :ref:`interfaces_module` for more -information about available request types. |
