parse/validate config with pydantic

This is the first step, in the next step, we should actually use
request.config.

6 files changed, 351 insertions, 23 deletions

diff --git a/fietsboek/__init__.py b/fietsboek/__init__.py
index d9077d5..5e342c5 100644
--- a/fietsboek/__init__.py
+++ b/fietsboek/__init__.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from pyramid.i18n import default_locale_negotiator
 from .security import SecurityPolicy
 from .data import DataManager
 from .pages import Pages
-from . import jinja2 as fiets_jinja2
+from . import jinja2 as mod_jinja2, config as mod_config
 
 
 __VERSION__ = importlib_metadata.version('fietsboek')
@@ -53,6 +53,9 @@ def main(global_config, **settings):
     """
     # pylint: disable=unused-argument, import-outside-toplevel, cyclic-import
     from .views import tileproxy
+
+    parsed_config = mod_config.parse(settings)
+
     if settings.get('session_key', '<EDIT THIS>') == '<EDIT THIS>':
         raise ValueError("Please set a session signing key (session_key) in your settings!")
 
@@ -66,6 +69,9 @@ def main(global_config, **settings):
     def redis_(request):
         return redis.from_url(request.registry.settings["redis.url"])
 
+    def config_(_request):
+        return parsed_config
+
     settings['enable_account_registration'] = asbool(
         settings.get('enable_account_registration', 'false'))
     settings['available_locales'] = aslist(
@@ -108,11 +114,12 @@ def main(global_config, **settings):
         config.add_request_method(data_manager, reify=True)
         config.add_request_method(pages, reify=True)
         config.add_request_method(redis_, name="redis", reify=True)
+        config.add_request_method(config_, name="config", reify=True)
 
     jinja2_env = config.get_jinja2_environment()
-    jinja2_env.filters['format_decimal'] = fiets_jinja2.filter_format_decimal
-    jinja2_env.filters['format_datetime'] = fiets_jinja2.filter_format_datetime
-    jinja2_env.filters['local_datetime'] = fiets_jinja2.filter_local_datetime
-    jinja2_env.globals['embed_tile_layers'] = fiets_jinja2.global_embed_tile_layers
+    jinja2_env.filters['format_decimal'] = mod_jinja2.filter_format_decimal
+    jinja2_env.filters['format_datetime'] = mod_jinja2.filter_format_datetime
+    jinja2_env.filters['local_datetime'] = mod_jinja2.filter_local_datetime
+    jinja2_env.globals['embed_tile_layers'] = mod_jinja2.global_embed_tile_layers
 
     return config.make_wsgi_app()
diff --git a/fietsboek/config.py b/fietsboek/config.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6da878
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fietsboek/config.py
@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+"""Configuration parsing for Fietsboek.
+
+Fietsboek mostly relies on pyramid's INI parsing to get its configuration,
+however, there are quite a a few custom values that we add/need. Instead of
+manually sprinkling ``settings.get(...)`` all over the code, we'd rather just
+do it once at application startup, make sure that the values are well-formed,
+provide the user with good feedback if they aren't, and set the default values
+in a single place.
+
+Most of the logic is handled by pydantic_.
+
+.. _pydantic: https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io/
+"""
+# pylint: disable=no-name-in-module,no-self-argument,too-few-public-methods
+import logging
+import re
+import typing
+import urllib.parse
+from enum import Enum
+
+import pydantic
+from pydantic import (
+    BaseModel, Field, AnyUrl, DirectoryPath, validator, SecretStr,
+)
+from pyramid import settings
+from termcolor import colored
+
+LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+KNOWN_PYRAMID_SETTINGS = {
+    "pyramid.reload_templates",
+    "pyramid.reload_assets",
+    "pyramid.debug_authorization",
+    "pyramid.debug_notfound",
+    "pyramid.debug_routematch",
+    "pyramid.prevent_http_cache",
+    "pyramid.prevent_cachebust",
+    "pyramid.debug_all",
+    "pyramid.reload_all",
+    "pyramid.default_locale_name",
+    "pyramid.includes",
+    "pyramid.tweens",
+    "pyramid.reload_resources",
+    "retry.attempts",
+}
+
+KNOWN_TILE_LAYERS = [
+    "osm", "osmde", "satellite", "opentopo", "topplusopen",
+    "opensea", "cycling", "hiking",
+]
+
+
+class ValidationError(Exception):
+    """Exception for malformed configurations.
+
+    This provides a nice str() representation that can be printed out.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, errors):
+        self.errors = errors
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        lines = ['']
+        for where, error in self.errors:
+            lines.append(colored(f'Error in {where}:', 'red'))
+            lines.append(str(error))
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+
+class LayerType(Enum):
+    """Enum to distinguish base layers and overlay layers."""
+    BASE = "base"
+    OVERLAY = "overlay"
+
+
+class LayerAccess(Enum):
+    """Enum discerning whether a layer is publicly accessible or restriced to
+    logged-in users.
+
+    Note that in the future, a finer-grained distinction might be possible.
+    """
+    PUBLIC = "public"
+    RESTRICTED = "restricted"
+
+
+class PyramidList(list):
+    """A pydantic field type that uses pyramid.settings.aslist as a parser."""
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __get_validators__(cls):
+        yield cls.validate
+
+    @classmethod
+    def validate(cls, value):
+        """Parses the list with pyramid.settings.aslist."""
+        if not isinstance(value, str):
+            raise TypeError("string required")
+        return settings.aslist(value)
+
+
+class TileLayerConfig(BaseModel):
+    """Object representing a single tile layer."""
+
+    layer_id: str
+    """ID of the layer."""
+
+    name: str
+    """Human-readable name of the layer."""
+
+    url: AnyUrl
+    """URL of the layer tiles (with placeholders)."""
+
+    layer_type: LayerType = Field(LayerType.BASE, alias="type")
+    """Type of the layer."""
+
+    zoom: int = 22
+    """Maximum zoom factor of the layer."""
+
+    attribution: str = ""
+    """Attribution of the layer copyright."""
+
+    access: LayerAccess = LayerAccess.PUBLIC
+    """Layer access restriction."""
+
+
+class Config(BaseModel):
+    """Object representing the Fietsboek configuration."""
+
+    sqlalchemy_url: str = Field(alias="sqlalchemy.url")
+    """SQLAlchemy URL."""
+
+    redis_url: str = Field(alias="redis.url")
+    """Redis URL."""
+
+    data_dir: DirectoryPath = Field(alias="fietsboek.data_dir")
+    """Fietsboek data directory."""
+
+    enable_account_registration: bool = False
+    """Enable registration of new accounts."""
+
+    session_key: str
+    """Session key."""
+
+    available_locales: PyramidList = ["en", "de"]
+    """Available locales."""
+
+    email_from: str = Field(alias="email.from")
+    """Email sender address."""
+
+    email_smtp_url: str = Field(alias="email.smtp_url")
+    """Email SMTP server."""
+
+    email_username: str = Field("", alias="email.username")
+    """SMTP username (optional)."""
+
+    email_password: SecretStr = Field("", alias="email.password")
+    """SMTP password (optional)."""
+
+    pages: PyramidList = Field([], alias="fietsboek.pages")
+    """Custom pages."""
+
+    default_tile_layers: PyramidList = Field(KNOWN_TILE_LAYERS,
+                                             alias="fietsboek.default_tile_layers")
+    """The subset of the default tile layers that should be enabled.
+
+    By default, that's all of them.
+    """
+
+    thunderforest_key: SecretStr = Field("", alias="thunderforest.api_key")
+    """API key for the Thunderforest integration."""
+
+    thunderforest_maps: PyramidList = Field([], alias="thunderforest.maps")
+    """List of enabled Thunderforest maps."""
+
+    thunderforest_access: LayerAccess = Field(LayerAccess.RESTRICTED,
+                                              alias="thunderforest.access")
+    """Thunderforest access restriction."""
+
+    disable_tile_proxy: bool = Field(False, alias="fietsboek.tile_proxy.disable")
+    """Disable the tile proxy."""
+
+    tile_layers: typing.List[TileLayerConfig] = []
+    """Tile layers."""
+
+    @validator("session_key")
+    def good_session_key(cls, value):
+        """Ensures that the session key has been changed from its default
+        value.
+        """
+        if value == "<EDIT THIS>":
+            raise ValueError("You need to edit the default session key!")
+
+    @validator("email_smtp_url")
+    def known_smtp_url(cls, value):
+        """Ensures that the SMTP URL is valid."""
+        parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(value)
+        if parsed.scheme not in {'debug', 'smtp', 'smtp+ssl', 'smtp+starttls'}:
+            raise ValueError(f"Unknown mailing scheme {parsed.scheme}".strip())
+
+
+def parse(config):
+    """Parses the configuration into a :class:`Config`.
+
+    :param config: The configuration dict to parse.
+    :type config: dict
+    :return: The parsed (and validated) configuration.
+    :rtype: Config
+    :raises ValidationError: When the configuration is malformed.
+    """
+    config = config.copy()
+    keys = set(config.keys())
+    errors = []
+    # First, we try to extract the tile layers.
+    tile_layers = []
+    for key in config.keys():
+        match = re.match("^fietsboek\\.tile_layer\\.([A-Za-z0-9_-]+)$", key)
+        if not match:
+            continue
+        provider_id = match.group(1)
+        name = config[key]
+
+        prefix = f'{key}.'
+        inner = {k[len(prefix):]: v for (k, v) in config.items() if k.startswith(prefix)}
+        inner['layer_id'] = provider_id
+        inner['name'] = name
+        try:
+            layer_config = TileLayerConfig.parse_obj(inner)
+            tile_layers.append(layer_config)
+        except pydantic.ValidationError as validation_error:
+            errors.append((f'tile layer {provider_id}', validation_error))
+
+        keys.discard(key)
+        for field in TileLayerConfig.__fields__.values():
+            keys.discard(f'{prefix}{_field_name(field)}')
+
+    config['tile_layers'] = tile_layers
+
+    # Now we can parse the main config
+    try:
+        config = Config.parse_obj(config)
+    except pydantic.ValidationError as validation_error:
+        errors.append(('configuration', validation_error))
+
+    if errors:
+        raise ValidationError(errors)
+
+    for field in Config.__fields__.values():
+        keys.discard(_field_name(field))
+    keys -= KNOWN_PYRAMID_SETTINGS
+
+    for key in keys:
+        LOGGER.warning("Unknown configuration key: %r", key)
+
+    return config
+
+
+def _field_name(field):
+    alias = getattr(field, 'alias', None)
+    if alias:
+        return alias
+    return field.name
diff --git a/fietsboek/views/tileproxy.py b/fietsboek/views/tileproxy.py
index b9a32c4..631982e 100644
--- a/fietsboek/views/tileproxy.py
+++ b/fietsboek/views/tileproxy.py
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import datetime
 import random
 import logging
 import re
-from enum import Enum
 from typing import NamedTuple
 from itertools import chain
 
@@ -22,22 +21,7 @@ import requests
 from requests.exceptions import ReadTimeout
 
 from .. import __VERSION__
-
-
-class LayerType(Enum):
-    """Enum to distinguish base layers and overlay layers."""
-    BASE = "base"
-    OVERLAY = "overlay"
-
-
-class LayerAccess(Enum):
-    """Enum discerning whether a layer is publicly accessible or restriced to
-    logged-in users.
-
-    Note that in the future, a finer-grained distinction might be possible.
-    """
-    PUBLIC = "public"
-    RESTRICTED = "restricted"
+from ..config import LayerType, LayerAccess
 
 
 class TileSource(NamedTuple):
diff --git a/poetry.lock b/poetry.lock
index 8649847..a5e6951 100644
--- a/poetry.lock
+++ b/poetry.lock
@@ -414,6 +414,21 @@ optional = false
 python-versions = ">=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*"
 
 [[package]]
+name = "pydantic"
+version = "1.10.2"
+description = "Data validation and settings management using python type hints"
+category = "main"
+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.7"
+
+[package.dependencies]
+typing-extensions = ">=4.1.0"
+
+[package.extras]
+dotenv = ["python-dotenv (>=0.10.4)"]
+email = ["email-validator (>=1.0.3)"]
+
+[[package]]
 name = "pygments"
 version = "2.13.0"
 description = "Pygments is a syntax highlighting package written in Python."
@@ -808,6 +823,17 @@ pymysql = ["pymysql", "pymysql (<1)"]
 sqlcipher = ["sqlcipher3_binary"]
 
 [[package]]
+name = "termcolor"
+version = "2.1.1"
+description = "ANSI color formatting for output in terminal"
+category = "main"
+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.7"
+
+[package.extras]
+tests = ["pytest", "pytest-cov"]
+
+[[package]]
 name = "tomli"
 version = "2.0.1"
 description = "A lil' TOML parser"
@@ -990,7 +1016,7 @@ testing = ["WebTest", "pytest", "pytest-cov"]
 [metadata]
 lock-version = "1.1"
 python-versions = "^3.7"
-content-hash = "006c651bb8c5717a8ac381f9ddc14a8a634ace15930646ade9c3d819c63f64d1"
+content-hash = "08ae6927db708c957185f78e6276fd5438ee36a0a30231e38bf89840c9a4778d"
 
 [metadata.files]
 alabaster = [
@@ -1358,6 +1384,44 @@ pycparser = [
     {file = "pycparser-2.21-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:8ee45429555515e1f6b185e78100aea234072576aa43ab53aefcae078162fca9"},
     {file = "pycparser-2.21.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:e644fdec12f7872f86c58ff790da456218b10f863970249516d60a5eaca77206"},
 ]
+pydantic = [
+    {file = "pydantic-1.10.2-cp310-cp310-macosx_10_9_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:bb6ad4489af1bac6955d38ebcb95079a836af31e4c4f74aba1ca05bb9f6027bd"},
+    {file = "pydantic-1.10.2-cp310-cp310-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:a1f5a63a6dfe19d719b1b6e6106561869d2efaca6167f84f5ab9347887d78b98"},
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 pygments = [
     {file = "Pygments-2.13.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:f643f331ab57ba3c9d89212ee4a2dabc6e94f117cf4eefde99a0574720d14c42"},
     {file = "Pygments-2.13.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:56a8508ae95f98e2b9bdf93a6be5ae3f7d8af858b43e02c5a2ff083726be40c1"},
@@ -1501,6 +1565,10 @@ sqlalchemy = [
     {file = "SQLAlchemy-1.4.44-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:d3b6d4588994da73567bb00af9d7224a16c8027865a8aab53ae9be83f9b7cbd1"},
     {file = "SQLAlchemy-1.4.44.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:2dda5f96719ae89b3ec0f1b79698d86eb9aecb1d54e990abb3fdd92c04b46a90"},
 ]
+termcolor = [
+    {file = "termcolor-2.1.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:fa852e957f97252205e105dd55bbc23b419a70fec0085708fc0515e399f304fd"},
+    {file = "termcolor-2.1.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:67cee2009adc6449c650f6bcf3bdeed00c8ba53a8cda5362733c53e0a39fb70b"},
+]
 tomli = [
     {file = "tomli-2.0.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:939de3e7a6161af0c887ef91b7d41a53e7c5a1ca976325f429cb46ea9bc30ecc"},
     {file = "tomli-2.0.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:de526c12914f0c550d15924c62d72abc48d6fe7364aa87328337a31007fe8a4f"},
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 1f87521..42f8ea3 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -54,6 +54,8 @@ requests = "^2.28.1"
 WebTest = {version = "^3", optional = true}
 pytest = {version = "^7.2", optional = true}
 pytest-cov = {version = "*", optional = true}
+pydantic = "^1.10.2"
+termcolor = "^2.1.1"
 
 [tool.poetry.group.docs]
 optional = true
diff --git a/testing.ini b/testing.ini
index 9fad722..62c1e26 100644
--- a/testing.ini
+++ b/testing.ini
@@ -13,6 +13,12 @@ pyramid.debug_routematch = false
 pyramid.default_locale_name = en
 
 sqlalchemy.url = sqlite:///%(here)s/testing.sqlite
+redis.url = redis://localhost
+
+fietsboek.default_tile_layers =
+
+email.from = Test <test@localhost>
+email.smtp_url = debug://
 
 session_key = TESTING_KEY_DO_NOT_USE